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Pronouns & Particles
Independent personal pronouns, demonstratives, and the key functional particles of Biblical Aramaic — especially the multipurpose דִּי (dî).
Independent Pronouns
| Person | Singular | Transliteration | Plural | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | אֲנָה | ʾănāh — I | אֲנַחְנָא | ʾănaḥnāʾ — We |
| 2nd m. | אַנְתְּ | ʾant — You (m.) | אַנְתּוּן | ʾantûn — You all (m.) |
| 2nd f. | אַנְתִּי | ʾantî — You (f.) | אַנְתֵּן | ʾantēn — You all (f.) |
| 3rd m. | הוּא | hûʾ — He / It | אִנּוּן / הִמּוֹ | ʾinnûn — They (m.) |
| 3rd f. | הִיא | hîʾ — She / It | אִנֵּין / הִנֵּין | ʾinnên — They (f.) |
🔑 The particle דִּי (dî) is the most important functional word in Biblical Aramaic. It serves as: (1) relative pronoun — “who / which / that”; (2) genitive marker — “of”; (3) causal conjunction — “because / that.” Example: אֱלָהּ דִּי שְׁמַיָּא = “the God of heaven.”