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Grammar Guide
Structured explanations of Biblical Aramaic grammar. Based on the standard scholarly grammars: Rosenthal (1961), Alger Johns (1972), and Muraoka & Porten (2003).
Nouns & Gender
Three states (Absolute, Determined, Construct), two genders. The Aramaic determined state uses the suffix ־א.
Verb Roots & Stems
Seven binyanim (verb stems): Peal, Pael, Aphel, Ithpeel, Ithpaal, Ittaphal, Shaphel.
Pronouns & Particles
Independent pronouns, pronominal suffixes, and the key relative/genitive particle דִּי (dî).
Syntax
VSO word order, nominal sentences, subordinate clauses, and the resumptive pronoun construction.
Phonetics & IPA
Reconstructed pronunciation based on Tiberian tradition, Syriac parallels, and comparative Semitic phonology.
Morphology Tables
Complete paradigm tables: noun declension, verb conjugation, pronoun forms, and preposition inflection.